Web Design Process: Yet More Lists

ll right, first things first. Before I go trying to put my website together willy nilly, I need a plan, a master list of desired components and functionality, and a general idea of how to get from here to there. Disclaimer: I have not actually done this before! I've worked on sites designed by someone else, I've done some super basic HTML/CSS work (like my pesky resume and my placeholder website), and I've certainly spent plenty of time thinking about it and reading and researching. So here goes:

Things I'd like from my site:

• A Gallery of photos: no commenting, prints for sale, easily populated (Lightroom export?), cataloged by keyword, location, highly searchable, and someday I'd like it to include interactive collaging
• About/info page: bio 
• Contact: email, links to me elsewhere like twitter etc, RSS for photos and blog?
• Blog: old posts from blogger + new posts, shiny layout, browseable, comments, share buttons
• Portfolio: other design work, samples, articles, projects, certificates, whatever else
• Someday: a sandbox area near the portfolio for projects in progress, something to do with Github? 
• Aesthetic: simple, lots of white space (or black space), nice OFL (Open Font License) fonts and thin lines, simple image display, good navigation, one animation/movement/interactive element on top page. 

The basic steps outlined below are a combination of my notes from several sources. I learned most of the prototyping and user-testing steps from a class called Human Computer Interaction taught online by Scott Klemmer from Stanford. Not my favorite class on Coursera due to some frustration with the peer-grading setup, but nonetheless informative.

I also discovered that a local web design etc firm called Clikzy Creative posted their entire design process to their site so that clients will know what they're getting into. My process will be a bit different, of course, but it's good to know how a more formal environment would handle the same task.

• Essentially: "Discovery, Site Map, Content, Wireframe, Mockup, Revise, Develop, SEO, Launch."

The Moxie Design Studio also has their process up on their website. They do a bunch of websites for local Alexandria businesses, so I had seen their work quite a few places already. They also list a general set of project prices on their site, which is somewhat unusual, but very helpful since I had no idea what I should be charging for my work.

• So again, an essential process looks like: "Discussion, Goals, Mockups, Revisions, Development and Programming, Soft Launch and Client Training, Full Launch and two weeks included Support." 

It's really hard being independent and not letting clients take advantage of you by asking "just a quick question" that actually takes half an hour and is billable. And that's just one reason I'd rather not work for myself!

Back to my own website. A few basic steps to get there:

1. Define required elements - site map (above)
2. Find appropriate platform
3. Wireframing, prototypes, mockups - grids?
4. Testing it on unsuspecting potential users - feedback and revision
5. Build, develop, whatever you want to call it
6. Design details/ illustrations? Finishing touches
7. Later additions: animation, better databases? E-commerce... 

Each step along the way will probably be a bit more involved, but that should give me a good starting framework to go on. Don't mind me if both my website and blog suddenly disappear while I'm shuffling things around...

Sketchy resume design

he most important thing to me right now is keeping my perspective. If my goals aren't in clear sight, I get massive scope creep and wind up trying to learn Unix instead of just working on my HTML project (see hereabouts). However, at this stage it's also important for me to be exploring, dabbling, learning everything I can, and even when projects don't work out or seem unreasonable in some way, I do still learn something from the experience.

Take the newfangled resume I created, for instance. It didn't come out quite as responsive as I hoped, largely because of some finicky elements and my avoidance of media breakpoints. What was interesting, however, was talking to a friend who is familiar with hiring processes at a very prominent tech company. He indicated that a good looking resume is nice and all, but what's most important is a) contact info and b) recent experience. The rest is just noise.

In all fairness, programmers are not necessarily interested in shmancy presentation and part of my goal was showing web design skills. However that was pretty irrelevant when I realized I didn't really want to host my resume publicly on my website.

The process was kind of interesting. I had a basic idea what I wanted to do, drew up some rough sketches (above) with actual pencil and paper (I can't handle initial sketching on a screen, sort of like how I just can't stand e-books. I'm a holdover, I know.) Then I entered my content in an HTML document, put it into sections and got the basic structure marked up. From there it was all about CSS, I barely touched the HTML document again except to add some id attributes. Below are some screencaps of the layout along the way, shown with boxes and dotted borders so I could keep track of what element was where. I admit I went a little crazy with the colors...

And yes, I blurred them, because the text isn't the point here. Some of my original ideas were even more abstract, but it became clear that I did need to say something about what skills came from which job. I considered doing this with some sort of clever mouseover thing, where a line from skill to experience would pop up, but decided that was definitely too fussy.

Anywho, one important question that came up in the process was how relative placement communicated relationship and meaning of each element. Elements next to each other would speak to each other in some way and have some relationship. I think I may just go back to my old, boring resume (though with less hideous layout, at least).

... After all that, I'm very done with this stage. Anyone have experience with designed v. functional resumes? Does a different layout affect your opinion of identical content?

EDIT: on structure, I leaned on the HTML outline concept, but didn't include this link here, I don't think.

Optional HTML, good idea?

ack along the trail I was following in my post on carousels and web design firms I stumbled across Google's HTML and CSS Style Guide. This is, of course, just one resource in a sea of options, and as the name suggests, "more like guidelines, anyway." I found it useful to glance over to get an idea of what to do with my code once I had grasped some of the basic stuff.

The Style Guide has some helpful reminders about indentation (don't mix spaces and tabs, indent child elements), plus general etiquette (stick with the previous author's style, be consistent). The whole thing can be summed up as: optimize as much as possible, made code easy for collaborators to scan through. Somewhere halfway down the page, though, I found a section on optional HTML tags.

In all fairness, both Google and the WhatWG HTML5 spec frame this concept with "you may" and "consider" and other non-mandatory type phrasing. But I thought, hey, here's another way to be kind of minimalist, keep things tidy, not have more clutter than is really needed. And indeed, I could simply be rid of the <html>, <head>, <body> and a whole pile of closing tags. But! the traditionalist and skeptic in me took a pause and said, "Should I really mess with this right now? I haven't noticed this implemented anywhere, and my classes/research have all indicated that closing tags are the basis of a well-formed markup language. Maybe this is best left for another day."

Well ok, inner-skeptic, but I still want to learn a little more. So, some questions:

• What exactly constitutes a valid, well-formed markup language?

A markup language (ML just for now, though not to be confused with ML, the functional programming language I just couldn't deal with) is used to annotate and describe a document. I'm not going to go into the history and fascinating variety of MLs here, so suffice to say that in this case, for HTML or XML, the markup is intended to indicate what each tagged element contains. In HTML this could be a <header> or a <section>, which provide the browser with standard elements to display and style accordingly. XML uses tags to describe content, too, but is best suited to databases (DB). Since it is used in DBs, it is particularly necessary to have both starting and ending tags and to completely conform with the DB definition or else any references to each element would just fail. Not going into that here.

So a well-formed and valid bunch of whicheverML follows all the rules in the relevant specification and passes tests like the W3C validator. Well-formed generally refers to syntax, so elements that are arranged according the rules are syntactically correct. The traditional definition of well-formed includes closing anything that has an opening tag and properly nesting elements. A valid ML also follows its Document Type Definition (DTD), a sort of grammar dictionary for how to apply the language (here's the HTML4 DTD, for example). See the W3C validator's info here.

• How much of a difference in speed does tag omission really confer? 

There's not a ton of this out there on the surface, but again, Google has been implementing, or rather, omitting, the optional tags to decrease file size. When every bit counts, taking out even just a few characters here and there can add up to a big difference. According to the Google Developers article and video on reducing HTML document file size, this can actually result in "5-20% savings" in load time.

There's a conversation on StackOverflow from 2010 about how much of a difference this could actually make. It's hypothesized that especially at Google's size, "</body></html> is 14 characters and at 3 billion searches per day, it amounts to approximately39.12 GB of data per day ignoring compressions, or around 26 GB if we take gzipping into account." And another discussion from about the same time that goes more in depth on the whole issue. 

• Are there any arguments against tag omission on the whole?

Some people argue for tag omission for readability, others argue against tag omission for readability. So either way, people will eventually stumble through your code. The best reason not to omit is probably compatibility. Some browsers might not recognize an unclosed element properly, some scripts may get confused, it really depends what the content is expected to do. It winds up being a personal choice: you can include the superfluous, or you can be hyper meticulous and make sure you are only omitting tags that can be omitted and not getting confused in the process.

• Is this just one of those crazy, Google-is-way-ahead-of-everyone-else-again things?

Hard to say. Tag omission is out there, but most people don't need the speed that badly. The implementation status on the HTML5 spec only suggests that tag omission hasn't been tested on the latest browser builds.

Moving on, letting go

he hardest part of a project for me is deciding that it's finished. Usually it takes getting distracted by something new for me to really move on (this probably goes for some other stuff, too...) because otherwise I just can't let myself stop futzing, adjusting and perfecting. Translation: beating my head against something that just isn't making any more progress. So I have to learn to let it go, move forward.

In case you haven't been following along, in this case I'm referring to my "One Week Website" series of posts (clearly the timing didn't quite work out, but I never really expected it to). I started designing a new resume, and made great leaps of progress... until I ran into a wall attempting to make it perfectly responsive. This actually would have worked fine except that in keeping it super simple I was avoiding @media queries and pretty much everything except some basic CSS (see below).

And it was all going pretty well until I went to make a PDF. I have no idea how print formatting works, from web page to print dialog to PDF, but the margins didn't behave properly, it didn't fit on one page, and the white space looked weird instead of stylish (at least I hope the HTML version looks decent). So I reformatted a bit with those 800px min-widths on the #page-wrap and #content sections. Of course, now the #web and #general skills lists don't float and switch from side-by-side layout to being a single column, which means the 50% layout looks darn silly on mobile.

I tried using sections and header and h1-h6 instead of a flock of divs, and since this is a one use document, I just went with ids rather than classes. Feels wrong, though. At the very least, I have a resume that looks a little better than an old Word document, even if it isn't actually responsive. And! I did finally stop poking at it and just hit print.

body {font: normal 1em Times, serif;}
#page-wrap {width: 75%; margin: 5% auto; min-width: 800px;}
#me {display: inline-block; width: 100%; position: relative;}
#logoname {float: left; width: 25%; min-width: 165px;}
#logoname span span:first-of-type {color: #6C8771;}
#logoname span {color: #4D4D4D}
#contact {text-align: right; position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0;}
#content {width: 75%; float: right; min-width: 800px;}
#skills li {text-indent: -0.5em; padding-left: .5em;}
#web {float: left; width: 50%; clear: both;}
#general {float: left; width: 50%;}
#experience {clear: both;}
#learning li {display: inline; padding: 0 0.5em; border-left: 1px solid black;}
#learning li:last-child {border-right: 1px solid black;}

section {border-top: 1px solid black; padding-bottom: 20px;}
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5 {font-family: Baskerville, Palantino, serif; border-top: 1px solid black; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: inline-block; margin-bottom: 2%;}
h1 {font-size: 2em;}
h4 {float: left; font-size: 1.17em;}
h5 {padding-top: 3px;}
a {text-decoration: none; color: black;}
a:hover {color: gray;}
ul {list-style: none; padding:0; margin: 0;}
li {margin-bottom: 1%;}
dl {padding: 0; margin: 0;}
dt {padding-bottom: 1px;}
dd {padding-bottom: 1%;}

Now I just need to figure out if I really want to make my entire resume public on the internet. My feeling is no, not one bit, but then part of the point of doing it in HTML is lost. Still, it was fun to put together, and that's more important anyway.

Career realization orchestration

oday I went on a whirlwind tour of small web design firms in the DC area... via their websites. I'm not entirely certain where I'll wind up working next, but I wanted to get an idea of the playing field, who does what, who has which skills and so on. A quick Google search netted me about a dozen firms to browse through, cross-referenced to some Yelp reviews and Angie's List. I realized partway through that in the longterm I want to be working on a single project, e.g. for an organization developing and maintaining a service, product, brand or mission. However, until I'm at that stage, I do want to build or contribute to as many small things as I can to get more experience in a variety of languages, platforms, aspects, tools, ad infinitum.

Anywho. Between browsing all those design firm's sites and clicking any link with the word "design," I've been all over the place lately. My favorite sites are usually minimal, clean and simple, no clutter, a touch of flashy stuff (watch the "Silver and Light" video, this guy is great), hand-drawn elements, and a limited palette (though I might also go for lightly cluttered and slightly "hipster").

EDIT: I started an account on Bo.lt, but am not entirely impressed with the service. The idea is that they archive screenshots and entire copies of webpages, hence, good for a design inspiration collection. Adding pages can be glitchy, and it still doesn't have an easy "embed collection" sort of thing. Picasa (despite having irritatingly merged with G+) does support embedded slideshows, but generates an embeddable version itself. However, I'm not actually using Boltnet for its original intended purpose.

However, I ran across a lot of sites using carousels at the top of the page, and I have to say that was a big turn off. Knowing how popular they are, I'm pretty forgiving, but good lord. If I'm disinclined to actually look at a scrolling reel of content, I can't imagine that the average user will give it any thought. And a carousel is like the A1 photo; it takes up the majority of the space above the fold, which means that space is completely wasted if no one looks at it, much less clicks on the content flying past.

All of this has been discussed and debated quite a lot across the web. The general conclusions I found are that carousels stick around because you can sort of cram more content into a single space, and because they've become a staple. The problem with reading up on this is that while every design firm and marketing agency has done their own usability testing, that data is usually kept private.

The UX site on Stack Exchange has some discussion on the effectiveness of carousels, to wit, whether rotating content nets a site any conversion (meaning the user does what the marketer is hoping they'll do: convert from just browsing to being an active user or a paying customer). I can't remember how I found this article, but it's a good, recent roundup of tidbits on banner blindness, user control and contentless content. And from there I found Jakob Nielsen's denunciation of the autoforwarding carousel (though I was disappointed to find that the main example of user testing was literally user testing. One user.)

Anyone have a good way to collect inspiration online [that isn't Pinterest]?

What color is your flower?

few weeks ago a friend suggested that I fill out the "Flower exercise" from What Color Is Your Parachute? The exercise is designed to help you figure out what you're looking for in a career, and from what I can tell, it's also the core of Parachute (My copy is from something like 1980, and I haven't quite managed to read it). The book actually goes into quite a lot of detail on how to fill out the flower, but you can also just wing it based on the petal titles.

I know, it sounds a little hokey. I thought so too, especially since I thought I had a pretty good idea what I was looking for already, but I went with it. Turns out it's always helpful to get thoughts outside your head, whether to see all the facts in one place, leave reminders for yourself or generate new thoughts in the process. I don't want to make mine entirely public, but here are a few things I'm looking to do in my career:

• Make information widely available and easy to access. That could be something straightforward like library work, or structuring webpages so that users can find what they're looking for plus several things they weren't. It could even be backend support for projects with this as a goal, e.g. part of a multidisciplinary team.
• Help people become inspired to be self-motivated, informed learners who never just say "I don't know," but rather "Let's look it up."
• Provide information services through products that are viable, upgradeable, scaleable and generally future friendly. So, no silos, relative links, transferable data, that sort of thing. 

As for skills, I have profiles on Coursera and Codecademy that will give a bit of an idea what MOOCs I've been fiddling with, and this project should also make it pretty clear what I'm capable of (anything! mwahaha*ahem). Generally: HTML, CSS, JS, some SQL and PHP, WordPress, Photoshop, Lightroom, baking, gardening... 

The other petals include things like: I'd like to work in a sunny, friendly office, with bikeability, sensible benefits, and most importantly lots of opportunity for learning and inspiration from colleagues, classes, workshops, conferences. 

And continuing with the embedding problem, here are some snippets of Parachute from Google Books in an iframe:

OWW: Tidying up

o, how about that acronym? It is sort of descriptive of how my brain gets to feeling after too many hours staring at the screen. Here's a post on some trouble-shooting of the last two posts, and tidying up any loose ends that I can.

First, the original list post was confused about what element tags to use for embedding HTML content. I started with embed because it sounded like what I wanted to do, but it's actually "for an external (typically non-HTML) application or interactive content." Then I found object, which "will either be treated as an image, as a nested browsing context, or as an external resource to be processed by a plugin." And finally iframe which I had really thought went the way of the dodo for some reason, and which "represents a nested browsing context." Sooo...

Second, hopefully related, the embedded HTML doesn't show up in Google Reader. By switching to object tags, I did get it to at least display alt text. Turns out this is indeed a security problem with RSS feeds.

However, problem B is that the entire embed shows up as an empty frame for at least one reader using (you guessed it) Internet Explorer (IE. Abbreviations will carry into future posts). I suspect this has something to do with cross-site restrictions/same origin policies, or possibly just content blocking. Looked up user agent switching and (yay) Chrome has a built in feature to switch user agents from the developer console. However, everything displayed just fine when I checked the blog through the IE emulators, so I dunno.

The original list has now been tidied up, streamlined, and the stray notes I had in there for my own benefit have been relegated to drafted blog posts. I probably shouldn't blow any time styling it, but it's tempting. I would at least like to standardise some nice classy, plain styling for future documentation purposes.

Also, since this entire blog ought to be transferred to my domain in the near future, I'm not sure how much will be lost in the translation, so I'm not futzing about style too much right now. I did settle on using courier bold to highlight code terms, but then discovered that the code element does the same thing, so will use that henceforth.

Oh yes, and I had intended to use some pre and code elements in my TodoList file, but they didn't display properly on the first two tries. Turns out the < and > are still interpreted as HTML, so substituting in "&lt" and "&gt" respectively was necessary. It's worth noting that all of my HTML/CSS coding is happening using only TextWrangler, having upgraded from TextEdit. Someday fancy software (especially for previewing work) would be nice, but right now I like this basic approach.

Phew. I like fixing all the little problems, but it can certainly get a bit tedious. All my librarian research skills sure are coming in handy!

Gitifying the OneWeekWebsiteList

ote to self: document as I go, not after the fact. It felt a lot like I was running in circles trying to find documentation and n00b help as I was working on this, so I didn't take notes along the way. A lot of the point of this first step was to familiarise myself with a few new systems (Git, GitHub, Terminal, Unix command line, Vim), as well as just publishing my strategy for creating a bigger, better website for myself. The entire project is more about learning than having a finished product (although it would be nice to sell a photo again, someday), so each post is intended as a reference for myself, as you'll note from the links peppered throughout the text below.

I apologise in advance, too, for these posts likely being very dry, incoherent and plentiful. I'm often writing from the top of my head and focusing on developing and documenting rather than fine literary prose. Coincidentally, my horoscope for today:

Once you break down a task into manageable chunks, you'll discover that your challenges are not really that hard. You are absolutely capable of meeting the goal you projected at the beginning.

Essential breakdown of Gitification of The List:

• Wrote project todo list.
• Thought about purpose and use of list- dynamic, changing, updating steps as I go to keep track of overall process.
• Translated list into HTML 
• Created GitHub repository (repo) for new project, cloned repo onto local drive
• Updated and committed ReadMe file on GitHub
• Discovered that this threw my local clone out of sync, figured out basics of git pull.
• Finally figured out how to control the vim editor in Terminal (thanks largely to the patient human who helped me with basic commands) to add messages to merges and commits when I forget to use the -m option .
• At this point, the list was basically done, and pushed to GitHub. 
• Researched how to publish a repo to the web so that it looks like an actual page. I had seen a friend do this with a basic design portfolio, but couldn't find a simple button to push in order to see repo files in anything other than raw code. 
• Turns out I had to create an entire new branch in my repo, move everything, and when it still didn't seem to be working, realised I had left off the obvious !DOCTYPE declaration.  Actually, I could have just left it and popped in a reference or something. oh well.
• Had also found this Google Style Guide, which mentioned that some element tags are optional in HTML5. So I guess my dunderheadedness over formatting my initial list file wasn't actually critical, but I haven't implemented the recommendations yet. Also ran it past a W3C validator. 
• Meanwhile, I just need to get the published OneWeekWebsiteList.html into my blogpost, somehow, in a way that would save me from updating said blogpost every time I modified the original file. I found the embed element in the HTML5 spec to be a simple solution. Presumably there's some way I should have done this with PHP or scripting or one of those things I don't know how to do yet.
• So, one properly sized embed element and a div element with simple border later, the list mostly worked as dynamic content. 

Unfortunately, I couldn't discover until after publishing that the embedded HTML file doesn't display in Google Reader. It's visible in the RSS feed itself, so the problem comes somewhere in the aggregator?

I would love to hear about better solutions to this problem, as I just went for the first option I could find in the interest of moving forward. I've also just now switched to an object element, since embed seems to be intended for non-HTML content. Any thoughts?

One Week Website

ow, in all fairness, this was a very optimistic concept on my part. I can put together a decent looking personal website in a week, no problem. Getting through the entire process I've outlined below, blogging and documenting each step, including research, references, background, backend, comparison shopping, self-analysis and content transfer? Not so easy.

The idea, however, in documenting the entire process is that I, and anyone else who cares to poke around, can review my notes and see the progress I've made and the time/effort I put in to doing a relatively thorough job. Thoroughness might actually be a fault of mine. I have a need to understand everything about a topic, to understand how the wheel works before I drive the car, etc. I can't just install WordPress (WP) and go with it, I need to understand how the backend works, how my data and files are structured, how I can query that database, and why that form is the right choice for me.

This means my initial process is slower than would be ideal, but I think the payoff in the long run will be greater. I have learned to let some things slide for the time being, marking them to revisit later when I have enough background to understand them better.

First, I need to figure out how to track this list. Do I want to Gitify (version track) it? repost at the end of each sub-post? certainly link back to the original list with each execution of a list item. It seems like a version-tracked version I can update and reference would be best... without having to republish every time I make a change. So I'll have to embed the list (published github page) itself:

ps. Yes, this looks ghastly. I need to publish and then iterate. I hear this is a thing you do.
pps. I see the embed doesn't work in Google Reader. Will have to figure that out, too.